Difference between revisions of "Vulcan/TextualMatching"
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| + | == Overview == | ||
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| + | Rules should be human readable and based on textual tuples. They should be in a format that is easy for manual creation and editing. The human-readable rules can be automatically transformed into TUFFY format. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The set of facts used by the system are stored as textual tuples with a link to the sentence and the genre (e.g. definition, study guide, ClueWeb). These tuples may be nested or n-ary, and may have null arg2 for intransitive relations. These tuples can be automatically transformed into TUFFY format. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Rule: <id> (Arg|Rel) : (<var>|<string>) => (Arg|Rel) : (<var>|<string>) <comment> | ||
| + | Notes: Rule looks for exact string match in either an Arg or Rel phrase | ||
| + | <var> can be X, Y, Z, R,… and must match any other instances of same variable. | ||
| + | <comment> may be displayed in derivation | ||
| + | Example 1 | ||
| + | Question to demonstrate: “Growth causes leaves of a plant to become large”. | ||
| + | (growth, cause, (leaves of a plant, become large)) [nested, with intransitive arg2] | ||
| + | (growth, cause, (leaves of a plant, become, large)) [nested, with binary rel for arg2] | ||
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| + | Evidence from definition: “The noun growth is the process of something becoming bigger” | ||
| + | (growth, is process of, (something, become bigger) | ||
| + | (growth, is process of, (something, become, bigger)) | ||
| + | Rules needed: | ||
| + | 1. Rel: X => Rel: is process of [generalize any action to “is process of”] | ||
| + | 1a. Rel: cause => Rel: is process of [more particular version of rule 2] | ||
| + | 2. Rel: is process of => Rel: X [abductive rule, inverse of rule 1] | ||
| + | 2a. Rel: is process of => Rel: cause [abductive rule, inverse of rule 1a] | ||
| + | 3. Arg: X => Arg: something [generalize any arg value to “something”] | ||
| + | 4. Arg: something => Arg: X [abductive rule, inverse of rule 3] | ||
| + | 5. Rel: become bigger => Rel: become big [lexical substitution from verb stemmer] | ||
| + | 6. Rel: become big => Rel: become large [lexical substitution from WN synonym] | ||
| + | Notes on rules: | ||
| + | We can derive abductive inverses automatically with a meta-rule. | ||
| + | Lexical substitution rules are generated on the fly as needed. | ||
| + | Derivation: | ||
| + | Evidence: | ||
| + | (growth, is process of, (something, become bigger)) | ||
| + | Rel: become bigger => Rel: become big | ||
| + | (growth, is process of, (something, become big)) | ||
| + | Rel: become big => Rel: become large | ||
| + | (growth, is process of, (something, become large)) | ||
| + | Arg: something => Arg: X | ||
| + | (growth, is process of, (leaves of a plant, become large)) | ||
| + | Rel: is process of => Rel: X | ||
| + | (growth, cause, (leaves of a plant, become large)) QED | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | Example 2 | ||
| + | Question to demonstrate: “A sense of smell helps a fox find food” | ||
| + | (sense of smell, helps, (fox, find, food)) | ||
| + | Evidence from Study Guide: “A good sense of smell is necessary for many animals to find food.” | ||
| + | (good sense of smell, is necessary for, (animal, find, food)) | ||
| + | Rules needed: | ||
| + | 7. Rel: is necessary for => Rel: helps [a textual entailment] | ||
| + | 8. Arg: fox => Arg: animal [lexical substitution from WN hypernym] | ||
| + | 9. Arg: animal => Arg: fox [lexical specialization from WN hypernym] | ||
| + | 10. Arg: X Y => Arg: Y [generalize by dropping modifier] | ||
| + | 10a. Arg: good Y => Arg: Y [more particular version of rule 10] | ||
| + | 10b. Arg: good sense of smell => Arg: sense of smell [more particular version of rule 10a] | ||
| + | 11. Arg: Y => Arg: X Y [abductive inverse of rule 10] | ||
| + | 11a. Arg: Y => Arg: good Y [more particular version of rule 11] | ||
| + | 11b. Arg: sense of smell => Arg: good sense of smell [more particular version of rule 11a] | ||
| + | Note on rules: | ||
| + | 10 and 10a are in the nature of meta-rules – TUFFY gets the particular rule 10b. Same with 11, 11a, 11b. | ||
| + | Derivation: | ||
| + | Evidence: | ||
| + | (good sense of smell, is necessary for, (animal, find, food)) | ||
| + | Arg: good Y => Arg: Y | ||
| + | (sense of smell, is necessary for, (animal, find, food)) | ||
| + | Arg: animal => Arg: fox | ||
| + | (sense of smell, is necessary for, (fox, find, food)) | ||
| + | Rel: is necessary for => Rel: helps | ||
| + | (sense of smell, helps, (fox, find, food)) | ||
| + | |||
| + | <!-- | ||
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Logic style matching can limit recall during inference. Here we discuss some examples of the types of fuzzy textual matching that we need to support. | Logic style matching can limit recall during inference. Here we discuss some examples of the types of fuzzy textual matching that we need to support. | ||
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100 users(uid, name, hashedPswd), easyPasswords(p), [md5(hashedPswd) = p] => cracked(name, p). | 100 users(uid, name, hashedPswd), easyPasswords(p), [md5(hashedPswd) = p] => cracked(name, p). | ||
| + | --> | ||
Revision as of 22:43, 19 August 2013
Overview
Rules should be human readable and based on textual tuples. They should be in a format that is easy for manual creation and editing. The human-readable rules can be automatically transformed into TUFFY format.
The set of facts used by the system are stored as textual tuples with a link to the sentence and the genre (e.g. definition, study guide, ClueWeb). These tuples may be nested or n-ary, and may have null arg2 for intransitive relations. These tuples can be automatically transformed into TUFFY format.
Rule: <id> (Arg|Rel) : (|<string>) => (Arg|Rel) : (|<string>) <comment> Notes: Rule looks for exact string match in either an Arg or Rel phrase can be X, Y, Z, R,… and must match any other instances of same variable. <comment> may be displayed in derivation Example 1 Question to demonstrate: “Growth causes leaves of a plant to become large”. (growth, cause, (leaves of a plant, become large)) [nested, with intransitive arg2] (growth, cause, (leaves of a plant, become, large)) [nested, with binary rel for arg2]
Evidence from definition: “The noun growth is the process of something becoming bigger” (growth, is process of, (something, become bigger) (growth, is process of, (something, become, bigger)) Rules needed: 1. Rel: X => Rel: is process of [generalize any action to “is process of”] 1a. Rel: cause => Rel: is process of [more particular version of rule 2] 2. Rel: is process of => Rel: X [abductive rule, inverse of rule 1] 2a. Rel: is process of => Rel: cause [abductive rule, inverse of rule 1a] 3. Arg: X => Arg: something [generalize any arg value to “something”] 4. Arg: something => Arg: X [abductive rule, inverse of rule 3] 5. Rel: become bigger => Rel: become big [lexical substitution from verb stemmer] 6. Rel: become big => Rel: become large [lexical substitution from WN synonym] Notes on rules: We can derive abductive inverses automatically with a meta-rule. Lexical substitution rules are generated on the fly as needed. Derivation: Evidence: (growth, is process of, (something, become bigger)) Rel: become bigger => Rel: become big (growth, is process of, (something, become big)) Rel: become big => Rel: become large (growth, is process of, (something, become large)) Arg: something => Arg: X (growth, is process of, (leaves of a plant, become large)) Rel: is process of => Rel: X (growth, cause, (leaves of a plant, become large)) QED
Example 2 Question to demonstrate: “A sense of smell helps a fox find food” (sense of smell, helps, (fox, find, food)) Evidence from Study Guide: “A good sense of smell is necessary for many animals to find food.” (good sense of smell, is necessary for, (animal, find, food)) Rules needed: 7. Rel: is necessary for => Rel: helps [a textual entailment] 8. Arg: fox => Arg: animal [lexical substitution from WN hypernym] 9. Arg: animal => Arg: fox [lexical specialization from WN hypernym] 10. Arg: X Y => Arg: Y [generalize by dropping modifier] 10a. Arg: good Y => Arg: Y [more particular version of rule 10] 10b. Arg: good sense of smell => Arg: sense of smell [more particular version of rule 10a] 11. Arg: Y => Arg: X Y [abductive inverse of rule 10] 11a. Arg: Y => Arg: good Y [more particular version of rule 11] 11b. Arg: sense of smell => Arg: good sense of smell [more particular version of rule 11a] Note on rules: 10 and 10a are in the nature of meta-rules – TUFFY gets the particular rule 10b. Same with 11, 11a, 11b. Derivation: Evidence: (good sense of smell, is necessary for, (animal, find, food)) Arg: good Y => Arg: Y (sense of smell, is necessary for, (animal, find, food)) Arg: animal => Arg: fox (sense of smell, is necessary for, (fox, find, food)) Rel: is necessary for => Rel: helps (sense of smell, helps, (fox, find, food))
